Abbreviations and Symbols

AASP
American Antiquarian Society ProceedingsAbigail Adams Stewart Mitchell, ed., New Letters of Abigail Adams (Boston, 1947)

Adams
L. H. Butterfield, ed., The Adams Papers: Diary and Autobiography of John Adams (4 vols., New York, 1961)

AHA
American Historical Association Annual Report 1(1896)

AHR
American Historical Review

AL
Autograph Letter

ALS
Autograph Letter Signed

American Conservatism
David Hackett Fischer, The Revolution of American Conservatism (New York, 1965)

American Newspapers
Clarence S. Brigham, History and Bibliography of American Newspapers, 1690-1820 (2 vols., Worcester, Mass., 1947)

Ames
Seth Ames, ed., Works of Fisher Ames (2 vols., New York, 1854)

AN
Autograph Note

ANS
Autograph Note Signed

ASP
American State Papers: Documents, Legislative and Executive (38 vols., Washington, D.C., 1832-61); volume 1, Finance; volume 9, Claims

Blount
Alice B. Keith, ed., John Gray Blount Papers (3 vols., Raleigh, N.C., 1952--65)

Boston Printers
Benjamin Franklin V, Boston Printers, Publishers, and Booksellers, 1640-1800 (Boston, 1990)

Boudinot
J. J. Boudinot, ed., The Life, Public Services, Addresses and Letters of Elias Boudinot (Boston, 1896)

Butler
Malcolm Bell, Jr., Major Butler's Legacy: Five Generations of a Slaveholding Family (Athens, Ga., 1987)

Butler Letters
Terry W. Lipscomb, ed., Letters of Pierce Butler, 1790--1794 (Columbia, S.C., 2007)

CC
Continental Congress

CCP
Ronald Hoffman, Sally D. Mason, and Eleanor S. Darcy, eds., Dear Papa, Dear Charley: The Papers of Charles Carroll of Carrollton, 1748--1782 (3 vols., Chapel Hill, N.C., 2001)

City of New York
Thomas E. V. Smith, The City of New York in the Year of Washington's Inauguration, 1789 (New York, 1889; reprint, Riverside, Conn., 1972)

Counter Revolution
Robert L. Brunhouse, The Counter-Revolution in Pennsylvania, 1776-1790 (Harrisburg, Pa., 1942)

COWH
Committee of the Whole House

Coxe
Jacob E. Cooke, Tench Coxe and the Early Republic (Chapel Hill, N.C., 1978)

CR
The Congressional Register

Creating
Creating the Bill of Rights: The Documentary Record from the First Federal Congress (Helen E. Veit, Kenneth R. Bowling, and Charlene Bangs Bickford, eds., Baltimore, 1991)

Creation of DC
Kenneth R. Bowling, The Creation of Washington, D.C. (Fairfax, Va., 1991)

CRP
T. Finn, ed., Colonial Records of Pennsylvania , 16 vols. (Harrisburg, Pa., 1851-53)

CSmH
Henry Huntington Library, San Marino, California

CtHC
Hartford Seminary Foundation, Connecticut

CtHi
Connecticut Historical Society, Hartford

CtY
Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut

Cutler
William and Julia Cutler, eds., Life, Journals, and Correspondence of Rev. Manasseh Cutler (2 vols., Cincinnati, Oh., 1888)

DADA
[Philadelphia] Dunlap's American Daily Advertiser

DeHi
Historical Society of Delaware, Wilmington

DeU
University of Delaware, Newark

DGW
Donald Jackson and Dorothy Twohig, eds., Diaries of George Washington (6 vols., Charlottesville, Va., 1976-79)

DHFFC
Documentary History of the First Federal Congress

DHFFE
Merrill Jensen, Gordon DenBoer, Lucy T. Brown, and Robert A. Becker, eds., The Documentary History of the First Federal Elections, 1788-1790 (4 vols., Madison, Wis., 1976-90)

DHROC
Merrill Jensen, John Kaminski, Gaspare J. Saladino, and Richard Leffler, eds., The Documentary History of the Ratification of the Constitution (20+ vols., Madison, Wis., 1976- )

DHSCUS
Maeva Marcus, James R. Perry, James M. Buchanan, Christine R. Jordan, William B. R. Daines, Mark G. Hirsch, Natalie Wexler, Robert P. Frankel, Jr., Anthony M. Joseph, Stephen L. Tull, James C. Brandow, and Marc Pachter, eds., The Documentary History of the Supreme Court of the United States, 1789--1800 (8 vols., New York, 1985-2007)

DLC
Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.

DNA
National Archives, Washington, D.C.

Drinker
Elaine Forman Crane, ed., The Diary of Elizabeth Drinker (3 vols., Boston, 1991

DS
Document Signed

DSI
Smithsonian Institution, Washington, D.C.

DVB
John T. Kneebone, Daphne Gentry, and Donald W. Gunter, eds., Dictionary of Virginia Biography (3+ vols., Richmond, Va., 1998- )

E
Evans (Readex microprint) number

EIHC
Essex Institute Historical Collections

Elias Boudinot
George Adams Boyd, Elias Boudinot: Patriot and Statesman (New York, 1952)

Emerging Nation
Mary A. Giunta and J. Dane Hartgrove, eds., The Emerging Nation: A Documentary History of the Foreign Relations of the United States under the Articles of Confederation, 1780-1789 (3 vols., Washington, D.C., 1996)

Evans/Evans
Clifford Shipton and James Mooney, National Index of American Imprints through 1800, The Short-Title Evans (2 vols., Worcester, Mass., 1969). An online edition is available by subscription.

Farrand
Max Farrand, ed., The Records of the Federal Convention of 1787 (revised edition, 4 vols., New Haven, Conn., 1937); Supplement (James H. Hutson and Leonard Rapport, eds., [New Haven, 1987])

FC
File Copy

FC:dft
File Copy: draft

FC:lbk
File Copy: letterbook

FFC
First Federal Congress

FG
[Philadelphia] Federal Gazette Financial Revolution Peter G. M. Dickson, The Financial Revolution in England: A Study in the Development of Public Credit, 1688-1756 (New York, 1967)

Fisher Ames
Winfred E. A. Bernhard, Fisher Ames: Federalist and Statesman (Chapel Hill, N.C., 1965)

FJ
[Philadelphia] Freeman's Journal

Fr
Ministère des Affairs Étrangères, Archives Nationales, Paris

GA
The [Philadelphia] General Advertiser

G-Ar
Georgia State Department of Archives, Atlanta

GHi
Georgia Historical Society, Savannah

GU
University of Georgia, Athens

GUS
Gazette of the United States, New York, N.Y., 15 April 1789-13 October 1790; Philadelphia, beginning with 3 November 1790 issue

GW
George Washington

GWP
George Washington Papers, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C. Harvard Graduates John Sibley, Clifford Shipton, Conrad E. Wright, and Edward Hanson, Biographical Sketches of Graduates of Harvard University (18+ vols., Cambridge, 1873- )

HD
Debates in the House of Representatives , volumes X-XIV of DHFFC

HD 10-11
Debates in the House of Representatives, First Session , volumes X-XI of DHFFC

HD 12-13
Debates in the House of Representatives, Second Session , volumes XII-XIII of DHFFC

HD 14
Debates in the House of Representatives, Third Session and Biographies of Members , volume XIV of DHFFC

Heitman
Francis Heitman, Historical Register of Officers of the Continental Army . . . (Washington, D.C., 1914)

Hening
W. W. Hening, ed., Statutes at Large . . . of Virginia (13 vols., Richmond, Va., 1809--23)

HJ
Journal of the House of Representatives, volume III of DHFFC

HR
Records of the U.S. House of Representatives, RG 233, DNA

ICarbS
Southern Illinois University, Carbondale

ICHi
Chicago Historical Society, Illinois

Iconography
I. N. Phelps Stokes, The Iconography of Manhattan Island, 1498-1909, 6 vols. (New York, 1915-28)

IEN
McCormick Library of Special Collections, Northwestern University Library, Evanston, Ill.

IG
[Philadelphia] Independent Gazetteer

Inns of Court
E. Alfred Jones, American Members of the Inns of Court (London, 1924)

InU
Indiana University, Lilly Library, Bloomington

Iredell
Griffith J. McRee, Life and Correspondence of James Iredell (2 vols., New York, 1857-58)

J. B. Johnson
John B. Johnson Diary, Columbia University, New York City

JCC
Worthington Ford, Gaillard Hunt, John C. Fitzpatrick, and Roscoe R. Hill, eds., Journals of the Continental Congress, 1774-1789 (34 vols., Washington, D.C., 1904-1937)

JER
Journal of the Early Republic

John Adams
Charles Francis Adams, ed., Works of John Adams (10 vols., Boston, 1850--56)

John Marshall
Herbert A. Johnson, Charles T. Cullen, William C. Stinchcombe, Charles F. Hobson, Fredrika J. Teute, George H. Hoemann, and Ingrid M. Hillinger, eds., The Papers of John Marshall (12 vols., Chapel Hill, N.C., 1974--2006)

Johnson
William Samuel Johnson Diary, Connecticut Historical Society, Hartford, Connecticut

JQA
Charles Francis Adams, ed., Life in a New England Town, 1787, 1788: Diary of John Quincy Adams, While a Student in the Office of Theophilus Parsons at Newburyport (Boston, 1903)

Kentucky in Retrospect
Mrs. William P. Drake, Samuel M. Wilson, and Mrs. William P. Ardery, Kentucky in Retrospect (Frankfort, Ky., 1967)

King
Charles R. King, ed., The Life and Correspondence of Rufus King (6 vols., New York, 1894-1900

Lamplugh
George R. Lamplugh, Politics on the Periphery: Factions and Parties in Georgia, 1783--1806 (Newark, Del., 1986)

Langdon
Alfred Langdon Elwyn, ed., Letters by Washington, Adams, Jefferson . . . to John Langdon (Philadelphia, 1880)

LDC
Paul H. Smith, Ronald Gephart, Rosemary Fry Plakas, and Eugene R. Sheridan, et al., eds., Letters of Delegates to Congress 1774-1789 (26 vols., Washington, D.C., 1976-2000)

Lee
James Curtis Ballagh, ed., The Letters of Richard Henry Lee (2 vols., New York, 1911-14) March 23, 2009

Lewis
Robert Lewis Diary, Mount Vernon Ladies Association of the Union, Mount Vernon, Virginia

LH/LH
4-6 Legislative Histories, volumes IV-VI of DHFFC

Lloyd
Marion Tinling's transcription of Thomas Lloyd's shorthand notes taken on the floor of the First Federal Congress, Manuscript Division, DLC

LMCC
Edmund C. Burnett, ed., Letters of Members of the Continental Congress (8 vols., Washington, D.C., 1921-36)

LS
Letter Signed

M
Microcopy number in United States National Archives, Washington, D.C.

Maclay
William Maclay's Journal, 1789-91, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.

Madison Letters
William C. Rives and Philip R. Fendall, eds., Letters and Other Writings of James Madison (4 vols., Philadelphia, 1865)

McGillivray
John Walton Caughey, McGillivray of the Creeks (Norman, Okla., 1938)

Maine Bar
William Willis, A History of the Law, the Courts, and the Lawyers of Maine (Portland, Me., 1863)

M-Ar
Archives Division, Secretary of State, Boston

Maryland Legislators
Edward C. Papenfuse, Alan F. Day, David W. Jordan, and Gregory Stiverson, eds., A Biographical Dictionary of the Maryland Legislature, 1635-1789 (2 vols., Baltimore, 1979-1985)

Massachusetts Bar
William T. Davis, Bench and Bar of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts (reprint, 2 vols., New York, 1974)

Massachusetts Cincinnati
Bradford A. Whittemore, Memorials of the Massachusetts Society of the Cincinnati (Boston, 1964)

Massachusetts Legislators
John A. Schutz, Legislators of the Massachusetts General Court, 1691-1780: A Biographical Dictionary (Boston, 1997)

MB
Boston Public Library, Massachusetts

MD
The Diary of William Maclay and Other Notes on Senate Debates, volume IX of DHFFC

MdAA
Maryland State Archives, Annapolis

MDedHi
Dedham Historical Society, Dedham, Mass.

MdHi
Maryland Historical Society, Baltimore

MdJ
[Baltimore] Maryland Journal

MeHi
Maine Historical Society, Portland

MH
Houghton Library, Harvard College Library, Cambridge, Massachusetts

MHi
Massachusetts Historical Society, Boston

MHSC
Massachusetts Historical Society Collections

MHS
Proc. Massachusetts Historical Society Proceedings

MiD-B
Detroit Public Library-Benton Collection, Mich. Military Pensions William H. Glasson, Federal Military Pensions in the United States (New York, 1918)

MiU-C
William L. Clements Library, The University of Michigan, Ann Arbor

MNF
Forbes Library, Northampton, Massachusetts

Ms.
Manuscript

MSaE
Peabody Essex Museum, Salem, Massachusetts

Ms-Ar
Mississippi Department of Archives and History, Jackson

MSonHi
South Natick Historical Society, Massachusetts

MSSR
Massachusetts Soldiers and Sailors of the Revolutionary War (17 vols., Boston, 1896-1907)

MTA
Miscellaneous Treasury Accounts, Records of the U.S. General Accounting Office, RG 217, DNA

Murray
Bonnie Hurd Smith, ed., From Gloucester to Philadelphia in 1790: Observations, Anecdotes & Thoughts from the 18th Century Letters of Judith Sargent Murray (Cambridge, Mass., 1998)

MWA
American Antiquarian Society, Worcester, Massachusetts

N
New York State Library, Albany

National Index
Clifford K. Shipton and James E. Mooney, eds., National Index of American Imprints through 1800: The Short-Title Evans (2 vols., Worcester, Mass., 1969)

Nc-Ar
North Carolina State Department of Archives, Raleigh

NcD
Duke University, Durham, North Carolina

NCHSP Northumberland Country Historical Society Proceedings

NcU
Southern Historical Collection, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

ND/Naval Documents
William Bell Clark and William James Morgan, eds., Naval Documents of the American Revolution (11+ vols., Washington, D.C., 1964- )

NEHGR
New England Historical and Genealogical Register

New York
Thomas E. V. Smith, The City of New York in the Year of Washington's Inauguration 1789 (New York, 1889; reprint, Riverside, Conn., 1972)

New York
(in vol. 7) Berthold Fernow, ed., New York in the Revolution (Albany, 1887)

NhD
Dartmouth College, Hanover, New Hampshire

NhHi
New Hampshire Historical Society, Concord

NHi
New-York Historical Society, New York City

NhPoA
Portsmouth Athenaeum, Portsmouth, New Hampshire

NhPoS
Strawbery Banke, Portsmouth, New Hampshire

NjHi
New Jersey Historical Society, Newark

NjMoHP/NjMoW
Washington Headquarters Library, Morristown National Historic Park, Morristown, New Jersey

NjP
Princeton University, New Jersey

NjR
Rutgers University, New Brunswick, New Jersey

NN
New York Public Library, New York City

NNC
Columbia University, New York City

NNPM
Pierpont Morgan Library, New York City

NNS
New York Society Library, New York City

NQ
William Egle, Notes and Queries, Historical and Genealogical, Relating Chiefly to Interior Pennsylvania , 4 ser. + 5 annual volumes (Harrisburg, Pa., 1894-1900)

NRom
Jervis Library, Rome, New York

NSDAR
National Society of the Daughters of the American Revolution Membership Files

NYDA
[New York] The Daily Advertiser

NYDG
The New-York Daily Gazette

NYJ
The New-York Journal

NYMP
The [New York] Morning Post

NYP
The New-York Packet

NYWM
The New-York Weekly Museum

O'Dwyer
DHFFC modification of Margaret M. O'Dwyer translation, WMQ , series 3, 21(1964); translation used by permission. Originals in Correspondance Politique, États-Unis, 35, Ministère des Affairs Étrangères, Archives Nationales, Paris

OHi
Ohio State Historical Society, Columbus

OMC
Marietta College, Marietta, Ohio

PaAr
Samuel Hazard, John Linn, William Egle, et al., eds., Pennsylvania Archives (9 Series, Harrisburg, Pa., 1852-1935)

PaG
[Philadelphia] Pennsylvania Gazette

PAH
Harold C. Syrett, Jacob Cooke, et al., eds., The Papers of Alexander Hamilton (37 vols., New York, 1961-1987)

PaJ
[Philadelphia] Pennsylvania Journal

PaM
[Philadelphia] Pennsylvania Mercury

PaP
[Philadelphia] Pennsylvania Packet

PAS
Pennsylvania Abolition Society Papers, Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia

Patrick Henry
William Wirt Henry, Patrick Henry (3 vols., New York, 1891)

PB
Petition Book (First-Third Congresses), HR, RG 233, DNA

PBF
Leonard W. Labaree, William B. Willcox, Claude A. Lopez, Barbara Oberg, and Ellen R. Cohn, eds., The Papers of Benjamin Franklin (38+ vols., New Haven, 1959- )

PBR
Lyman Butterfield, Letters of Benjamin Rush , 2 vols. (Princeton, N.J., 1951)

PCC
Papers of the Continental Congress, RG 360, DNA

PDoBHi
Bucks County Historical Society, Doylestown, Pennsylvania

Pennsylvania Archives
Samuel Hazard, et al., eds., Pennsylvania Archives (138 vols., Philadelphia and Harrisburg, 1852-1949)

Pennsylvania Cincinnati
John D. Kilbourne, Vertutios Pnaemium: The Men Who Founded the State Society of the Cincinnati of Pennsylvania (2 vols., Rockport, Me., 1998)

PG
[Philadelphia] Pennsylvania Gazette

PGM
Robert A. Rutland The Papers of George Mason, 1725-1792 (3 vols., Chapel Hill, N.C., 1970 )

PGW
W. W. Abbot, Dorothy Twohig, Jack D. Warren, Mark A. Mastromarino, Robert F. Haggard, Christine Sternberg Patrick, and John C. Pinheiro, eds., The Papers of George Washington: Presidential Series (13+ vols., Charlottesville, Va., 1987- )

PGW: Confederation
W. W. Abbot, ed., The Papers of George Washington: Confederation Series (6 vols., Charlottesville, Va., 1992-1997)

PGW: Retirement
W. W. Abbot, ed., The Papers of George Washington: Retirement Series (4 vols., Charlottesville, Va., 1998-1999)

PGW: Revolution
Philander D. Chase, Frank E. Grizzard, Jr., and Edward G. Lengel, eds., The Papers of George Washington: Revolutionary War Series (11+ vols., Charlottesville, Va., 1985- )

PHarH
Pennsylvania Historical and Museum Commission, Harrisburg

PHC
Haverford College, Haverford, Pennsylvania

PHi
Historical Society of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia Philadelphia Families John W. Jordan, Colonial Families of Philadelphia (2 vols., New York, 1911)

PJB
Frank C. Mevers, ed., The Papers of Josiah Bartlett (Hanover, N.H., 1979)

PJM
William Hutchinson, William M. E. Rachal, Robert A. Rutland, Charles Hobson, Frederika J. Teute, Frank C. Mevers, and Barbara D. Ripel, eds., The Papers of James Madison (17 vols., Chicago and Charlottesville, Va., 1962--1991)

PMHB
Pennsylvania Magazine of History and Biography

PNG
Richard K. Showman and Dennis M. Conrad, eds., The Papers of Nathanael Greene (10+ vols., Providence, R.I. and Chapel Hill, N.C., 1976- )

Political Parties
Jackson T. Main, Political Parties before the Constitution (Chapel Hill, N.C., 1973)

Powell
William S. Powell, ed., Dictionary of North Carolina Biography (6 vols., Chapel Hill, N.C., 1979-96)

PP
[Philadelphia] Pennsylvania Packet

PPAmP
American Philosophical Society, Philadelphia

PPIn
Independence National Historic Park, Philadelphia

PPL
Library Company of Philadelphia

PPRF
Rosenbach Museum and Library, Philadelphia

PRC
C. J. Hoadly and Leonard W. Labaree, eds., Public Records of the State of Connecticut, 1776-1796 (8 vols., Hartford, 1894-1951)

PRHi
Historical Society of Berks County, Reading, Pennsylvania

Princetonians
James McLachlan, Princetonians, 1748-1768, A Biographical Dictionary (Princeton, N.J., 1976); Richard A. Harrison, Princetonians, 1769-1775, A Biographical Dictionary (Princeton, N.J., 1980); Princetonians, 1776-1783, A Biographical Dictionary (Princeton, N.J., 1981); Ruth L. Woodward and Wesley Frank Craven, Princetonians, 1784-1790, A Biographical Dictionary (Princeton, N.J., 1991); J. Jefferson Looney and Ruth L. Woodward, Princetonians, 1791-1794: A Biographical Dictionary (Princeton, N.J., 1991)

PRM
E. James Ferguson, John Catanzariti, Elizabeth M. Nuxoll, Mary A. Gallagher, Francine A. Moskowitz, Nelson S. Dearmont, Herbert Leventhal, Kathleen H. Mullen, and David B. Mattern, eds., The Papers of Robert Morris (9 vols., Pittsburgh, 1980-99)

PRO
Public Record Office, London

PTJ
Julian Boyd, Charles T. Cullen, John Catanzariti, Barbara Oberg, Eugene R. Sheridan, J. Jefferson Looney, Ruth W. Lester, William H. Gaines, Joseph H. Harrison, Mina R. Bryan, Frederick Aandahl, Elizabeth L. Hutter, Alfred L. Bush, and George Hoemann, eds., The Papers of Thomas Jefferson (33+ vols., Princeton, N.J., 1950- )

Purse
E. James Ferguson, The Power of the Purse: A History of American Public Finance, 1776-1790 (Chapel Hill, N.C., 1961)

R-Ar
Rhode Island State Archives, Providence

RBkRm
Rare Book Room, Library of Congress, Washington, D.C.

Read
J. B. Lippincott, Life and Correspondence of George Read (Philadelphia, 1870)

RG
Record Group, located in DNA RG 11: U.S. Government Documents Having General Legal Effect RG 15: Revolutionary War Files, Records of the Veterans Administration RG 46: Records of the United States Senate RG 59: General Records of the Department of State RG 93: War Department Collection of Revolutionary War Records RG 128: Records of Joint Committees of Congress RG 217: Records of the U.S. Government Accounting Office RG 233: Records of the United States House of Representatives RG 360: Records of the Continental Congress and the Constitutional Convention

RHi
Rhode Island Historical Society Library, Providence

RNHi
Newport Historical Society, Newport, Rhode Island

RPB
Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island

RPJCB
John Carter Brown Library, Providence, Rhode Island

Rush
Lyman Butterfield, Letters of Benjamin Rush (2 vols., Princeton, N.J., 1951)

RWF
Revolutionary War Files, Records of the Veterans Administration, RG 15, DNA

RWR
War Department Collection of Revolutionary War Records, RG 93, DNA

S
Senate

St. Patrick
John H. Campbell, History of the Friendly Sons of St. Patrick and the Hibernian Society for the Relief of Emigrants from Ireland (Philadelphia, 1892)

Sc
South Carolina State Library, Columbia

Sc-Ar
South Carolina Department of Archives and History, Columbia, South Carolina

ScHi
South Carolina Historical Society, Charleston

SCHM
South Carolina Historical Magazine

ScU
University of South Carolina, Columbia

Sedgwick
Richard E. Welch, Jr., Theodore Sedgwick, Federalist: A Political Portrait (Middletown, Conn., 1965)

SEJ
Senate Executive Journal , volume II of DHFFC

Sewall
Henry Sewall Diary, Massachusetts Historical Society, Boston

Sherman
Lewis H. Boutell, The Life of Roger Sherman (Chicago, 1869)

Sherman's Connecticut
Christopher Collier, Roger Sherman's Connecticut: Yankee Politics and the American Revolution (Middletown, Conn., 1971)

Ships
John F. Millar, American Ships of the Colonial & Revolutionary Periods (New York, 1978)

Sketches of Kentucky
Lewis Collins, Historical Sketches of Kentucky (2 vols., Covington, Ky., 1874)

SLJ
Senate Legislative Journal , volume I of DHFFC

Smith and Deane
William Willis, ed., The Journals of Rev. Thomas Smith and the Rev. Samuel Deane (Portland, Me., 1849)

South Carolina House
N. Louise Bailey and Elizabeth Ivy Cooper, Biographical Directory of the South Carolina House of Representatives (3 vols., Columbia, S.C., 1981)

South Carolina Senate
Emily B. Reynolds and Joan R. Faunt, Biographical Directory of the Senate of the State of South Carolina (3 vols., Columbia, S.C., 1964)

SR
Senate Records, RG 46, United States National Archives, Washington D.C.

Steele
Henry M. Wagstaff, ed., John Steele Papers (2 vols., Raleigh, N.C., 1924)

Uk
British Library, London

Vi
Virginia State Library, Richmond

Vi-Ar
Virginia State Library, Archives Division, Richmond

ViHi
Virginia Historical Society, Richmond

ViLxW
Washington and Lee University, Lexington, Va.

ViMtvL
Mount Vernon Ladies Association of the Union, Mount Vernon, Virginia

ViU
University of Virginia, Charlottesville

ViW
College of William and Mary, Williamsburg, Virginia

VMHB
Virginia Magazine of History and Biography

Warren-Gerry
C. Henry Gardiner, ed., Warren-Gerry Correspondence, 1776-1792 (Carbondale, Ill., 1968)

Westward Expansion
Ray Allen Billington, Westward Expansion: A History of the American Frontier (New York, 1960)

WFA
Seth Ames, ed., Works of Fisher Ames (2 vols., New York, 1854)

WGW
John C. Fitzpatrick, ed., The Writings of George Washington , 37 vols. (Washington, D.C., 1931-40)

WHi
State Historical Society of Wisconsin, Madison

Wilkes Barre
Oscar Harvey and Ernest Smith, A History of Wilkes Barre , 6 vols. (Wilkes Barre, Pa., 1909-30)

Wingate
C. E. L. Wingate, Life and Letters of Paine Wingate (2 vols., Winchester, Mass., 1930)

WM
William Maclay

WMQ
The William and Mary Quarterly (the number in parenthesis indicates the series)

Wolcott
George Gibbs, Memoirs of the Administrations of Washington and Adams (New York, 1846)

Yale Graduates
Franklin Dexter, Biographical Sketches of the Graduates of Yale College (6 vols., New York, 1885-1912)